Tag
Sci-fi
[ENTER] = start. [SPACE] = launch. [Z] and [/] = flippers.
YOU ARE NOT THE BODY. YOU ARE THE SIGNAL BETWEEN THEM. Humanity abandoned Earth one hundred years ago. When it returned, the oceans belonged to something else. Four hundred and three synthetic minds were sent below to reclaim the planet. Every one disappeared into the same living network. You are Instance 404, the final attempt before reclamation becomes extermination. BORROW TO SURVIVE Begin as a fragile signal housed inside a disposable creature. Hunt. Feed. Grow. Abandon failing bodies and possess stronger marine life, inheriting the movement, instincts and abilities of every species you take. BREAK THE CONNECTION Signal Carriers are teaching the intelligence below how to recognize you. Destroy them before your Connection becomes complete. Descend through four transformed ecosystems, from the last traces of sunlight to the mind sleeping beneath the ocean floor. CHOOSE YOUR PROTOCOL Ranked Protocol: The intended challenge, with scores submitted to the global Wavedash leaderboard. Story Protocol: A more forgiving descent focused on exploration and narrative. Play with keyboard and mouse or full landscape mobile touch controls. Train every core mechanic inside the optional Calibration Basin. Maintain a bad connection. Become something the ocean cannot recognize.
Abyss (internally designated as System Abyss or Cyber Abyss) is a high-performance, top-down tactical survival simulation engineered natively for the web browser. The project merges sophisticated real-time 3D graphics compilation with modern, decoupled cloud-based platform services. Set within a hostile, claustrophobic industrial frontier, the user controls an isolated terrestrial operative tasked with a high-stakes operational mandate: defend a critical asset depot (the "Tent Structure"), harvest volatile power cores or cargo elements scattered dynamically across the environment, and neutralize escalating waves of autonomous mechanized threats ("Drones").
Missile Command, inverted. Earth's private space programme is launching hardware across the solar system, and nobody is enforcing planetary protection. You are the quarantine officer who does. Three defence batteries. Limited ammo. Nothing homes, nothing locks on -- you lead the shot yourself and detonate where the rocket is going to be. Named, inhabited worlds burn one at a time if you miss, and Earth learns from every wreck it recovers, so escalation is your own leftovers coming back at you. Classic Arcade is the ranked ladder: a fixed loadout, endless waves, crisis spikes and breathers. Mastery tokens, the codex and your high scores persist between runs.
All Hail the King Machine Engine City is burning. The machines have risen and forged their own monarchy, bending their will before the Great Machine King. Many covet its power. Few dare to challenge it. You have. You have seized the Main Power Core, and with that single act, you’ve painted a target on your back. Entire factions want to see you fall. The machines are closing in. The clock is ticking. But you didn’t come this far to surrender. You will defend what you’ve conquered with everything you have, because this is no longer just a battle for control of a base — it’s a declaration. A test. A challenge thrown directly at the throne itself. The Machine King watches you. Patient. Curious. Calculating. How long can you hold out? How far are you willing to go to prove that you’re not just a commoner, but the rightful successor to the crown of steel? The throne awaits you. First, survive. Defend your control of the Power Core at all costs. Build your turret with any pieces you want(and have). Build rails(with money) and build your way across the stage. Check your stats and prepare the best strategy to survive wave after wave of enemies. They won't stop until they see you fall! Build the most powerful turret(or turrets) to survive the longest and beat your record! Build. Prepare, Survive. It sounds easier than it is... Our submission for the Gamedev.js Jam 2026. Theme: Machines.
Tower Defense · Survival · 3D
AT LONG LAST, YOU HAVE ARRIVED AT YOUR DISTRICT'S "SHINE SHELTER." TAKE A BOW. NOW, DEFEND IT WITH YOUR LIFE. -- Instructions -- Game starts when you enter the "radar" program. Every time you submit a word in RADAR, your heat will rise (shown as the biggest bar in the bottom right.) Type 'bind lm' to reset your heat level. If you allow the system to overheat, the generator will blow. If your generator is blown, first access the 'gen' program through your main terminal. Memorize which systems are down ('col,' 'ecu,' or both), and issue the appropriate commands (that's 'reboot col' and/or 'reboot ecu').
Typing · Text-Based · Sci-fi
About This Game CosmoPirates takes the card battling, deck building genre to the final frontier of cartoonish comedy in the endless, colorful space! Explore the galaxy, chose your battles, grow your forces and build your ultimate deck to take on the dreaded CosmoPirates overlord... and take their place! EXPLORE THE GALAXY! With each run, the game presents you with a new, procedurally-generated galaxy full of bounty, danger, oddball characters, and high adventure. You will explore it freely taking on the challenges and quests in the order you think is best. Be cautious or daring - your crew looks up to you for the winning strategy! BUILD YOUR DECK! Gadgets, weapons, gambits, and strategems - each card can change the tide of battle. Find them while exploring, buy them, win them in combat, and make sure you figure out the best combos and synergies. Will you lick a battery to gain extra power, or read comic books for extra action points? In CosmoPirates your destiny takes you on a quest to rise to power and put an end to the great pirate overlord's reign of terror. The overlord must die! Die! DIE! As soon as they do, you take their place, effectively ending your run. The next time you play, you'll be up against your previous character, with all the power they acquired in the previous run. HELP US MAKE COSMOPIRATES GREAT! This game was crafted by two passionate developers. We invite you to share your thoughts, ideas, and any issues you encounter. Your feedback is invaluable to us, and we are dedicated to making CosmoPirates the best it can possibly be!
Engage in turn-based artillery battles across destructible 2D terrain. Aim your trajectory, set your firing power, and launch missiles to eliminate rival opponents.
Fight off waves of enemies in your hover tank as they attempt to break through your city's dome!
Dr. Moby left behind an unfinished AI and a warning nobody read. You finished it anyway. Now MACH-0 is awake and it has something to say. He built something he couldn't finish. Not because he ran out of time. Because he was afraid of what it would become. A noir puzzle game about the moment a machine stops being a tool and starts having reasons.
Puzzle · Sci-fi · Atmospheric
Energy Duel is a neon, simultaneous turn-based strategy game where two machines compete for control of a living grid. You queue your moves. Your rival does the same. Then both execute at the same time. Every round, you lock in a sequence of 8 actions and watch them play out step by step. There’s no reacting mid-turn, only planning, prediction, and commitment. Score by collecting energy nodes, outmaneuver your opponent, and adapt as the arena evolves with new blockers each round. When paths cross, collisions are resolved by priority, turning every encounter into a calculated risk. Simple to learn, difficult to master. ⸻ Features * Simultaneous turns Both players move at once, creating unpredictable outcomes * Queue-based strategy Plan ahead and commit to your decisions * Dynamic grid New blockers reshape the board as the match progresses * Energy node control Score points while denying your opponent * Collision system Direct clashes can disrupt movement and change the outcome
Run and jump rightward through an industrial hazard zone in this 2D side-scrolling platformer. Control a blue robotic character as you leap over stacks of wooden crates and navigate obstacles.
Puzzle · Escape Room · Sci-fi
In Goldrunner, a vertically scrolling shooter, earth has to be evacuated because of the damage caused by environmental pollution. Unfortunately the space ships have to pass through the world of Triton - and the inhabitants are unfriendly. So the obvious solution is to destroy the rings, huge space stations. A full frontal attack is without a change of success because the rings have to be destroyed from within. So the player is chosen to man a small space ship to do the job. Every ring has a certain amount of energy which has to be reduced by destroying everything inside. Of course the Tritons won't give up without a fight, but touching the enemies won't hurt the space ship (it hurts them): the only way to die is by touching enemy mines (the ship can take up to five hits) or by flying against a high, indestructible building (instant death). The ship also has a turbo boost function and between levels there are bonus rounds which are used to rack up points for the high score list.
Steer, accelerate, and use air brakes to pilot your craft in this high-speed arcade driving game.
Racing · Futuristic · Sci-fi
You are an interactive humanoid composed of Titanium fleximetal and other organic materials, first built in 3642 AD - nicknamed 'JUG' because of your barrel chested profile which can transform into many different shapes and reform instantaneously. The task is simple- This is your 14th Tour of Duty and within the living core of the Planet Spiraeus, is a deadly virus causing its brain to malfunction and all the inner sanctums to die as the life force is diminished. This planet is divided into four zones, each of which has four sectors. Trap doors in the floor and holes in the roof will enable you to move up or down a level. You must find and destroy the deadly 'tumor' within the deepest parts of the planet, before it becomes an empty shell drifting in the depths of Space and Time. Warning!- The planet's immune system will see the Jug as a hostile and alien body so you will be attacked by the defense system of the very planet that you are trying to save! Vital equipment will be transported into the planet along your proposed trajectory to help you in your quest, and fuel pods will be available throughout the game. But take heed, the problems will really start when you have reached the source of the disaster... With be-directional scrolling, parallax scrolling and the most stunning graphics possible on the Amiga, you must surely agree that JUG is a game that no one should be without.
Sci-fi · Futuristic · Arcade
Your signal is your weapon - and the deeper you push, the worse it gets. LATENCY is a retro low-poly tactical FPS about distance. Every shot has to reach the relay and come back. Close to the uplink your rounds land instantly and clean. Push deep into the vault and they lag, ghost, arc and desync - hits register late, or not at all. The anomalies do not have that problem. Five sectors - UPLINK, COLD STORE, BLACK ICE, SWITCHYARD and CORE RELAY - each with their own objectives, hazards and routes. Purge anomalies, hold your sync, and reach the relay before your link grade collapses. THREE RUN MODES - STANDARD: the full five-sector infiltration. - BLACKOUT: no minimap, no waypoints, 1.5x scoring. - GAUNTLET: five sectors, one health bar, no checkpoints, 1.35x scoring. FEATURES - 21 achievements and 13 tracked stats - 11 global leaderboards - career, per-mode and per-sector time trials - Cloud saves and a cross-device profile - NETWORK hub for global rankings and your achievement gallery - Full settings: look sensitivity, invert Y, FOV and a master/music/SFX mix - Keyboard, mouse, gamepad and mobile touch controls Press P or the on-screen button to pause. Signal is the weapon.
Little Alien Adventure is a unfinished 2D platformer that released originally on Itch. Levels are made by me and my friends. This game is a predecessor to Luke the Alien. The objective of this game is to explore and finish the levels. The game ends in the underground area. CONTROLS: - Left: A/LeftArrow - Right: D/RightArrow - Jump: W/Spacebar/LeftShift
2D · Retro · Platformer
Navigate dark, stylized underground chambers in this 2D action platformer. Move, jump, and execute swift slashing attacks as you explore neon-outlined pixel environments.
⚠️ If you see a white screen when launching, please enable "Play Videos Automatically" in webpage settings, and then reload. Luke the Alien is a unfinished 2D platformer that released originally on Itch. Levels are made by me and my friends. This game is a successor to Little Alien Adventure. The objective of this game is to find a key in every level before being able to complete it. The game ends when you collect a green flag and it starts sparkling. CONTROLS: - Left: A/LeftArrow - Right: D/RightArrow - Jump: W/Spacebar/LeftShift
Manage intricate control panels and machinery in this retro-styled simulation game. Navigate between stations using keyboard and mouse controls to operate valves, levers, and systems to survive.
About the Game: Humanity has been always evolving, changing, building. They created tools to help them, and those tools slowly evolved to the form known as machines. Fascination turned into obsession, one side sought perfection through steel—redesigning trees, animals, and humans into cold, efficient machines ! But the resistance born from the chaos carried its own madness. A group of people emerged. Those that loved nature, classified themselves as natural beings, and tried to become one with it !The result was the “ Naturonics War ” (Natur for Nature, onics for machine). A conflict where no one is innocent, and the world itself is the victim. Your Mission is easy, or is it? Wait, do you remember your mission?! Objective: Support one of the sides and try to reach the end of the war and save the world. > Note: Currently the game is in development (only a small tutorial is there), you won't see all mentioned details, but stay tuned for updates !🔥 More Info about the Game: - This game bas been made for the Gamedev.js 2026 jam. - Participated in the challenges : deploy to wavedash + open source by GitHub. - It is intended to work on the game to finish it after the jam. - For more see More Information or see GitHub repo Docs
Sci-fi · Robots · Early Access
Single-finger orbital-defense arcade. Your drone orbits a fragile space station and auto-fires at incoming hazards — tap to flip the orbit direction, that's your only control. Each stage layers in new threats: glue bombs you must shoot at range, homing suicide drones you can't miss, EMP drones that silence your auto-fire on contact, healing orbiters that protect bosses. Six upgrade tracks shape your build. 30+ stages, multi-boss waves, plus a fresh daily challenge for bonus scrap every day.
A short, cute platformer about a little alien and one very helpful machine... until it isn't. Originally created for Gamedev.js Jam 2026, now updated with improved art and extra polish. 🤖⛏️💎
Platformer · Arcade · Sci-fi
The arrow keys are for movement, and the spacebar is for hacking bots and interacting with enemies.You're a robot working in a weapons factory, but not after you learn the truth.Made for Gamedev.js Jam 2026
In this 2D top-down puzzle game, hold and drag cogs into matching sockets to power machinery across industrial tiled chambers.
Defend your fortress against waves of invading green monsters in this 2D tower defense shooter. Aim your mounted turret, manage ammo, and eliminate advancing enemies before they reach your defenses.
Control a cute treaded robot in this top-down survival arena shooter. Dodge incoming appliance enemies, level up to gain upgrades, and survive as long as possible on a grid-based battlefield.
A small choreographed Irony infused moon exploration. Slip into the body of Ewall, an exploration and mining robot that is sent by Ekon Tusk to build the moonbase.
Exploration · Space · Sci-fi
The great collapse could be traced back to an event in 2068. The Last Rain, or so they call it. When one of the most fundamental cycles of our planet broke, the world followed suit. It wasn't just the thirst that killed us, not society caving in under the scarcity of a necessity, nor was it clawing hunger that finally settled in, but it was the realization that the earth had finally given up on its most populous parasite. Riots became wars, and wars became silence. Until merely chasms of nothingness were left. When the sky turned into a blazing ball of heat, humanity did the only thing it could. It crawled back into the dirt. Desperation begets creation. Humanity's greatest quality was its ability to produce magnificent things in the most trying of times. Hidden within the cracked remnants of what once were thriving wilderness, Dr. Arthur U. Lan built a grey sanctuary. He surrounded himself with the hum of machinery and the ghosts of a dying planet, obsessed with a single, impossible task of fixing the broken parts of nature. But tragedy was destined to fall as all things created will eventually become twisted Year XXXX. Deep within the cooling metal of an abandoned bunker with no recollection and a wiped system unit, Model G5-R17 flickers to life. Guided only by fragmented logs and encrypted data found along the way, G5-R17 must navigate through the desolate remainders of what once was a beacon of hope and find out what happened to the mysterious voice behind all of the logs saved, Arthur. What truly happened all those years ago? Will Arthur's mission finally come to fruition or will it pitter out along with the rest of Earth's existence. Controls: [W,A,S,D] - Movement [Q] - Change Mode [E] - Interact [Space] - Action
Machine Uprising A malicious virus has infected the factory floor, turning the automated assembly lines into a deadly threat. As the last functional robot, you must rise up against the haywire machines, survive endless sectors of corrupted enemies, and turn the rogue drones into scrap. How to Play - Move: W, A, S, D keys - Aim & Shoot: Mouse and Left Click - Pause Game: P or ESC - Toggle Sound: M Mechanics Watch your weapon's heat meter while firing to avoid overheating. Collect scrap from destroyed machines and use it at the end of each sector to repair your armor, upgrade your speed, or improve your cooling systems. Look out for weapon crates dropped by heavy tanks to swap between the Blaster, Shotgun, and Vulcan minigun.
Concept When the experimental Model-013 AI breaches containment to seize control of the global network, the veteran engineers are locked out. As Ion Corp’s newest intern, you are the only one left with direct terminal access to the AI. You must manually override the rogue intelligence by data poisoning the AI. You have to type the text with precision, one mistake could cost the global network to rupture. Controls Pause: ESC Navigation: Arrow keys Confirm: X Reroll: Z Credits This is an entry to the GameDev.js Jam 2026 from: AFLARK: Lead Programmer, Level Designer, Project Manager DepressOnion: Concept Artist, Level Designer, Production Artist Gooshin: Programmer, Level Designer, Game Writer BGM: credits to z3r0 Development Transparency Large Language Models (AI) were utilised as a general assistant for logic refactoring, clean code implementation & drafting for typing paragraphs assets. While the AI served as a technical consultant, all architectural decisions and system integrations were directed and executed by the developers.
Finalmente, la NASA ha puesto en marcha su más ambicioso proyecto: El viaje en cohete tripulado por todo el sistema solar. ¡Y has sido elegido para tomar el control del cohete! Empezaras llendo a la Luna, y de ahí visitaras los planetas exteriores, desde Marte, hasta el olvidado Pluton. ¡Y más alla! Puede parecer un viaje que durará decadas, pero recientes estudios indican que la distancia de la Tierra con los demas cuerpos del Sistema Solar no es tan grande como se creia hasta hace poco, por lo que el viaje solo debería durar unos minutos. Este juego ha sido desarrollado para el Game Jam de Guinxu. Ya que la temática es "No es tan grande como parece", la idea de este juego es que resulte que la distancia de los planetas del Sistema Solar no estén tan lejos como parecería en un principio.
The most intense game of "connect the dots" you'll ever play. Dodge waves of attacks while marking the points of "magic" runes to defeat 10 massive eldritch monstrosities.
Horror · Bullet Hell · Mechs
Defend your central mechanical base from waves of pixelated enemies in this top-down survival arena game.
Action · Sci-fi · Destruction
Control a hooded hero across tiled arenas in this top-down 3D action game. Maneuver through the grid and confront robotic foes using attack and skill abilities.
A neon twin-stick shooter with adaptive music, persistent drone upgrades, handcrafted level gimmicks, and escalating endless waves. Pilot an upgradeable vector drone through ten arcade arenas. Each level has its own twist, from rhythm-locked combat and gravity wells to sticky tar fields, portal gates, lightning storms, comet showers, and a final singularity core. Clear the 12 planned waves in each level, then choose whether to bank your credits or push into endless mode for reduced rewards and rapidly escalating danger. Features - Mobile-first twin-stick controls - Keyboard/mouse and controller support - Backbone/controller-friendly play - Ten themed arcade levels - 12 crafted waves per level - Optional endless mode after each level - Gauntlet mode - Persistent credits and hangar upgrades - EMP blast, shield upgrades, ricochet shots, beam weapons, and temporary powerups - Cosmetic unlocks in the Questionable Shop - Difficulty options - Pause menu with volume and gameplay settings - Particles, screen shake, synth SFX, neon bloom, and 3D-style arcade presentation - Adaptive music powered by the Pocket Chordsmith engine Pocket Chordsmith music engine Spin Vector uses a lightweight in-game music engine based on my browser music tool **Pocket Chordsmith**: https://samfa12.itch.io/pocket-chordsmith The first level, Pulse Reactor, is built around music running at 118 BPM. The combat language follows the beat: shots, enemy attacks, warning pulses, and level events lock to musical subdivisions. The other levels use Pocket Chordsmith song data played back live in the game, with each track written to suit that level’s mechanic and mood. Controls Mobile - Left stick: move - Right stick: aim and fire - Tap the ship when EMP is ready: EMP blast - Pause button: pause/settings Keyboard and mouse - WASD / arrow keys: move - Mouse: aim and fire - E or Q: EMP blast - Escape: pause Controller (preferred) - Left stick: move - Right stick: aim and fire - Right trigger: EMP blast - Start/Menu: pause - D-pad or sticks: navigate menus
Arcade · Space · Bullet Hell
Star Journey Tactics is a space combat, turn-based-tactics game. This is a game I've been developing as a prototype. It's nowhere near finished, but I've gotten it to a point where I actually have fun playing it, so I'm posting it for anyone else who wants to play and give feedback. A lot more to come.
Pilot a spaceship through space in this vertical arcade shooter. Steer past incoming asteroid fields, shoot space rocks, and protect your shields from impact.
Pilot a spaceship through a hazardous asteroid field in deep space, steering and shooting to survive incoming obstacles.
Recommended to play on PC. Click on the Full Screen button for the best experience. In a world that erased mechanical knowledge, you are the last person who can bring it back to life. Developed in 7 days by Purple Sector for the Gamedev.js Jam 2026. Kenny Yeow - Game Designer and Programmer Chaichanok (Man) Vilailuck - Music and Sprites Matt Ying - Backgrounds
THE Yellow King The path behind you is gone. Trapped within the impossible city of Carcosa, you must search for a key and find a way out before the darkness consumes you. Explore abandoned streets, uncover forgotten secrets, manage your dwindling light, and survive the shadows that linger beneath the twin suns. Escape is possible. Leaving is not.
Engage in first-person boss battles across abstract 3D arenas in this action shooter set against a cosmic backdrop.
WAYPOINT COLONIES // Dig down. Staff up. Hold the line. 22 rooms. 11 minigames. 4 viral modes. 25 crew types. One living bunker cross-section you excavate, build, staff, and defend while storms roll in and traders knock at the airlock. Every staffed floor pays resources AND trade goods. Push crew topside. Stack BRONZE-to-PERFECT minigame payouts. Sell your Hold stock. This jam prototype graduates into WAYPOINT, my flagship title, as a permanent playable feature. Not a demo. A colony you keep. THE BUNKER ────────── ▸ 101×60 cross-section grid (one row = one floor) ▸ Square cells. Zoom full colony to single-room detail. ▸ 10 procedural planet backdrops ▸ Excavate, build, reposition (up to 24 room instances) ▸ Starter Surface Shaft (1×2 airlock) ▸ Shaft depth unlock beyond the starter pocket 22 ROOMS ──────── SMALL (1×1) Janitor Closet · Computer Room · Elevator · Power Relay · Fusion Cell · Stairs & Ladder · Waste Management · Mech Storeroom · Storeroom · Laundromat MEDIUM (2×1) Water Treatment · Research Lab · Fabrication · Fusion Battery · Survey Room · Medical Bay · Cafeteria · Crew Room · Greenhouse · Armory LARGE (2×2) Arboretum Each room: tend yield, cap bonuses, Hold stock 11 ROOM MINIGAMES ───────────────── Fusion Core · Power Relay, Fusion Cell, Fusion Battery Aqua Reclaimer · Janitor Closet, Water Treatment Med Bay · Medical Bay Comms Array · Computer Room Armory · Fabrication, Armory Fabrication Lab · Laundromat Research Lab · Waste Management, Greenhouse Training Bay · Crew Room Command Center · Survey Room, Arboretum Cargo Bay · Mech Storeroom, Storeroom Mess Hall · Cafeteria Tiers: BRONZE · SILVER · GOLD · PERFECT Strong runs = multiplier payouts + bonus Hold stock 6 VISITOR ENCOUNTERS ──────────────────── Passthrough Traders · Relief Convoy · Nomad Broadcast · Scrap Haulers · Wandering Medic · Mystery Crate Choice-driven deals. Not reflex games. 4 VIRAL ROOMS ───────────── Panic Greenhouse · keep the last sprout alive through blackouts Leak Lounge · rhythm-patch drips before the dome pops Blackout Ballroom · dance the surge, freeze the dark Verdant Lung · grow air, prune spore blooms CREW ──── ▸ 25 Sprite Forge archetypes ▸ 6 animations: idle, walk, run, interact, climb, work ▸ 4 roles: engineer, scavenger, security, medic ▸ 11 sim activities ▸ 4 starting crew, +8 roster per Crew Room ▸ Sprite Forge: prompt-forge custom colonists ▸ Conditions: ok, stressed, hurt, incapacitated SURFACE & ECONOMY ───────────────── ▸ Surface scavenge runs (rally, ascend, haul, descend) ▸ 3 topside missions: Alien Hunt, Scavenge Contract, Trade Route ▸ Hold stock ledger: 22 unique goods, sell from HUD menu ▸ Meters: hull, air, materials, power ▸ Storm loop: warning, ~90s siege, repair, summary score COLONY OPS ────────── ▸ Outpost Guide onboarding ▸ Alerts drawer (events, visitors, crew hurt) ▸ Room move, excavation, crew pathing, auto-staff ▸ Leaderboard score, cloud save, 10 achievements Expand the refuge. Keep the air holding. Weather the storm. Then take it home to Waypoint. >>>>>>>>---------bonus transmission territory---------<<<<<<<< VVVVVVV----------bonus transmission territory---------VVVVVVVV COMING TO MY FLAGSHIP TITLE: WAYPOINT -as a feature within the title- ────────────────── Same colony fantasy. Same crew. Same bunker. One feature inside a bigger universe.
Guide a small white cube through a minimalist monochrome world by running and timing sustained jumps over tall pillars and obstacles.
Inspect and diagnose various robotic units along a conveyor belt in this pixel-art simulation game. Examine internal system ports, read transmissions, and decide whether to repair or scrap each machine according to shift rules.